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Ischiocavernosus

 

The Ischiocavernosus is a muscle of the perineum.

Anatomical Attachments:

  • Origin: Attaches to the inner surface of the ischial tuberosity, the pubis rami, and the ischium of the penis or clitoris.
  • Insertion: Attaches to the sides and under the crus of the penis or clitoris.

Action: Temporarily prohibits venous return so that the penis and the clitoris can achieve an erectile state.

Nerve Supply: Pudendal Nerve.

Vascular supply: Internal pudendal artery.

Travell and Simons Trigger Point Pain Referral:  

Trigger Point Signs and Symptoms: According to Travell and Simons, perineal pain would be the cardinal indicator of ischiocavernosus dysfunction (TrPs). This pain usually occurs in males at the base of the penis, and in females at the vagina. The function of this muscle allows engorgement of either the penis or the clitoris. This being the case, dysfunction of this muscle may result in erectile dysfunction or decreased sensitivity. Regardless, Travell and Simon state, that the TrPs of the Ischiocavernosus when active are not a primary consideration as it pertains to dyspareunia.

Trigger Point Activating and Perpetuating Factors: Trauma or surgery of the pelvic region, emotional stress.

Differential Diagnosis: (Segmental, Subluxation, Somatic dysfunction) S2 or S3 radiculopathy, Levator ani syndrome, Obturator internus spasm, Emotional stress, Direct trauma, Pregnancy, Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage), Vaginismus, Vasocongestion of the genitalia, Genital herpes (herpes simplex), Human papillomavirus (genital warts), Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Priapism, Peyronie’s disease, Penile fracture, Erectile dysfunction, Systemic infections or inflammation, Nutritional inadequacy, Metabolic imbalance, Toxicity, Side effects of medication.

 

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